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Volume 39 , Issue 4
July/August 2019
Pages e167–e173

Ideal Dose and Injection Site for Gummy Smile Treatment with Botulinum Toxin-A: A Systematic Review and Introduction of a Case Study

Onurcem Duruel, DDS, PhD/Emel T. Ataman-Duruel, DDS, PhD/Tolga F. Tözüm, DDS, PhD/Ezel Berker, DDS, PhD, MS

PMID: 31226199
DOI: 10.11607/prd.3580

The objective of this article is to review ideal injection point and ideal dose of botulinum toxin-A injections to treat different types of gummy smile, and to present a case treated with the recommended method. An electronic search of literature was carried out by using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Reference lists of studies were also hand-searched for relevance. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, five prospective studies with 135 subjects were included in this systematic review. Injection of botulinum toxin-A is a noninvasive and temporary treatment option for gummy smile, and the Yonsei point is a safe and reproducible injection point for treatment by practitioners of all types of gummy smile.

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